zk Privacy Solution Comparison
zkBob | zk.money | Railgun | Tornado.cash |
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zkBob | zk.money | Railgun | Tornado.cash |
Last updated
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zkBob provides everyday privacy to everyday users. Limits, compliant wallet checks, and other security features ensure that zkBob is a safe place for honest users to discreetly transfer stable value.
Different privacy solutions offer different tradeoffs for users seeking anonymity on-chain. Below are some features that set zkBob apart.
Stable fees
Optional KYC
No additional wallet required
No native tokens required
Multisender
Deposit limits (non-KYC)
Tiered deposit limits (KYC'd)
Current withdrawal limits
Current pool size limits
TRM compliance integration
Cloud API
A big differentiator between the protocols is zkBobβs use of tokens such as USDC for transactions and fees. With stable pools, transaction fees do not fluctuate for users (hard coded to $0.10 per tx on Polygon/ $0.50 per tx on Optimism). If the actual tx cost is less, the extra amount is collected and dedicated to protocol and user support. In rare cases when it costs more, txs are divided and processed in several transactions.
zkBob pools have the additional utility including the ability to introduce and lost/expired token redistribution. These features on the roadmap will provide future incentives for zkBob users.
is another unique zkBob feature, allowing users to transfer to multiple zk addresses with a single transaction. This is especially useful for employers sending salary payments to many employees. Rather than create proofs and pay fees for each tx, these can be sent in bulk, saving time and overhead costs.
Additional items include multi-chain deployment, decentralized relayer infrastructure, and fast client state sync also set it apart from competitors in the space.
In the table below we explore some technical and operational differences between zkBob, zk.money and Tornado.cash (pre-ban).
Note comparisons were made to show varying technology and zk tech. As zk.money and tornado.cash are no longer in active operation (sunset or banned), zkBob is currently the primary solution for optional privacy.
Deployment Chain
Polygon
Aztec Network Rollup
Ethereum/Gnosis Chain
zkSNARK
Grothβ16
PLONK
Grothβ16
Verification time
~3 ms
~ 6ms
~3 ms
Prover algorithm RAM requirements
~5MB
~900MB
~10MB
Trusted setup
Deposit gas size
642K
51K
910K
Arbitrary Deposits/Transfers/Withdrawals?
Gas fee token(s)
-> USDC/ETH/BOB deposits & withdrawals (no native token required)
-> ETH deposits & withdrawals
-> ETH deposits & withdrawals
Transfer token(s)
USDC, ETH, BOB
zkETH / zkDAI / zkrenBTC
ETH, DAI, USDC
Transaction times
< 1 minute, Polygon infra
Variable (4hours to < 5 min) based on desired fee
< 1 minute, Nova on Gnosis Chain infra
Tokenomics
Geo restrictions
Multi-chain deployment
Decentralized relayers
Fast client-state sync
$0.10/tx on Polygon $ dynamic stable fees on Optimism
variable
variable
variable
variable
users can submit KYC to increase deposit limits.
No KYC option for individuals
No KYC option for individuals
N/A
N/A
standalone transfers and withdrawals from app
requires wallet
requires wallet
requires wallet
requires wallet
Tokens used for all interactions and pay for gas fees
required for shielding
SCRT required for fees
required for withdrawal and deposit
required for withdrawal/deposit
< 10K USDC per address in 24 hours, 300K total protocol per 24 hours
N/A
< 20K USDC per address in 24 hours.
< 300K per day for the total protocol
2M USDC Polygon 10M USDC Optimism
Risk management and illicit funds detection
Beta Gated implementation
Per circuit
Universal
Per circuit
Regular TC TC Nova
XP Auctions on roadmap
TORN governance token
implemented
Optimism & Polygon
(prior roadmap)
On roadmap
(Multi-rollup infra on Roadmap)
On roadmap